August rounds out the summer season, and it’s the perfect moment to review year-to-date results and fine-tune your financial strategy before the busy months ahead. Staying organized and up to date on emerging tax and business developments remains essential for keeping the rest of the year on track.

This month we’ll examine how the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act" could reshape your 2025 taxes, spotlight mid-year inventory tactics to keep dead stock from eroding margins, expose the latest IRS “Dirty Dozen” scams (and how to dodge them!), and outline the OBBBA's key tax changes every senior should know, all to help you finish summer strong and stride into fall with confidence.

Davidson Fox July Recap:

We marked the week of July 4th with a well-deserved office shutdown, giving our team the opportunity to relax and enjoy some personal time.  The following week, we hit the ground running!  As our team refocused on upcoming deadlines, a few of our crew members volunteered at the Dick's Sporting Goods Open.  We hope you had a chance to "En-Joie" the event as much as we did - we had a fantastic time taking in the golf and the concert.  Did you see us on the Big Board?  We supported the Coughlin & Gerhart Golf for Scholars Tournament on the 17th where one of our Directors, Jamie Atkinson, won the Longest Drive competition!  We are proud to support our scholars through events like this.  On July 24th, our team headed up to Mountain Top Grove for the Chamber Company Clambake and we arrived in style!  Our team had a great time soaking in all the Clambake had to offer - from delicous food and scenic views to meaningful networking opportunities.  We are especially thrilled to recieve the Team Spirit Award for our high-energy presence and custom "Shuckin like it's a deadline" shirts (a little accounting humor goes a long way!).  As part of the event, we also donated a raffle basket to help raise funds for the SUNY Broome Hornet Hope Center - just one more way we're proud to give back to the community that continues to support us.

In case you missed it, we were honored to be named Business of the Week by our friends at the Greater Binghamton Chamber of Commerce!  You can check out the feature video on our website and Facebook page.  A big thank-you to the Chamber for this recognition!

In August we look forward to networking at the GBCOC Connect Over Lunch, a Golf Invitational with our friends at Jon L. Myers & Associates to support the Chenango Valley Warrior Fund, Porchfest, and much more!  Catch our Co-Managing Partner rocking out at Porchfest on Sunday, August 31st!  Don't miss the chance to see him in action - you'll get to experience his musical side in full glory as the Tijuana Danger Dogs.  Check them out! 

Update on Jim Daniels
 
We wanted to take a moment to provide an update on the whereabouts and future plans of our former partner, Jim Daniels.
 
It’s hard to believe that nearly 10 years have passed since Jim retired from the partnership and transitioned to his current role as of counsel. During that time, Jim continued to provide guidance and support to many of his long-time clients and friends, remaining an active and valued presence at the firm. Although all of Jim’s client relationships were formally transitioned to new partners, he maintained close contact with many of you throughout the years.
 
Recently, Jim shared with us that—with his children now grown and starting families of their own—he feels it’s the right time to step back fully from the day-to-day work he has continued since 2017. Going forward, Jim plans to spend more time traveling, enjoying his family, and relaxing in Florida. We can all agree that this next chapter is well earned.
 
Beginning in August and continuing through April 15, 2026, Jim will maintain only a very limited schedule, and his availability will be significantly reduced. We encourage all of Jim’s former clients to reach out directly to the partner currently assigned to your account for continued support and service.
 
We are grateful for Jim’s decades of dedication and leadership, and we wish him all the best in this next phase of life.

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• Standard Deduction Increase
• Special Temporary Deduction for Seniors
• Child Tax Credit
• Qualified Small Business Stock (QSBS) Exemption
• New Deduction for Tips
• Overtime Deduction
• Deduction for Car Loan Interest
• Adoption Credit
• 529 Savings Plan Enhancements
• Bonus Depreciation
• Qualified Production Property Special Depreciation Allowance
• Third-Party Network Transaction Reporting (1099-Ks)
• Termination of Previously Owned Clean Vehicle Credit
• Termination of Clean Vehicle Credit
• Termination of Commercial Clean Vehicle Credit
• Termination ofAlternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit
• Termination of Energy Efficient Home Improvement Credit
• Termination of Solar Energy Credit
• Domestic Research Expenditures
• SALT Deduction Changes

On July 4th, the President signed into law the so-called “One Big Beautiful Bill” Act (OBBBA), a significant piece of legislation that ushers in a plethora of tax provisions designed to impact taxpayers across the spectrum. Though the act introduces measures that stretch beyond this year, our focus here narrows to changes coming into effect in 2025—critical for taxpayers to note. As you navigate through the list of modifications, consider whether any of these alterations may apply to your financial situation and determine if pertinent actions must be taken before year's end. Particularly pressing are the numerous environmental tax credits that face imminent termination by the close of the year (some soon), meaning those wishing to claim these benefits must not delay taking action. This guide will equip you with the knowledge necessary to timely optimize your tax responsibilities and benefits efficiently amidst these legislative changes.

Here is a detailed summary of the tax law changes included in the OBBBA that will apply in 2025.

1. Standard Deduction Increase: Starting in 2025, the standard deductions will be increased to $15,750 for singles and married filing separately, $23,625 for heads of household, and $31,500 for married filing jointly. These deductions will be adjusted for inflation in subsequent years.
   
   
2. Special Temporary Deduction for Seniors: Individuals 65 or older will receive a $6,000 ($12,000 for a married couple if both qualify) deduction, provided their modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) doesn't exceed $75,000 for singles or $150,000 for joint filers. This is in place of the no tax on Social Security proposal advanced during the presidential campaign. The deduction is available whether receiving Social Security benefits or not and is available for both itemizers and non-itemizers. This deduction will apply for years 2025 through 2028, and does not take the place of the additional standard deduction allowed to those age 65 and older.
   
   
3. Child Tax Credit: The nonrefundable child tax credit will increase to $2,200 per child. The income thresholds for phaseout of the credit will be $400,000 for joint filers and $200,000 for others. Both child and parent(s) need Social Security Numbers (SSNs) to qualify.
   
   
4. Qualified Small Business Stock (QSBS) Exemption: A tiered gain exclusion will be applied for QSBS acquired after July 4, 2025, allowing a 50% exclusion when the stock is sold after three years, a 75% exclusion after four years, and a 100% exclusion after five years. This only applies to C Corporations and includes limits on the amount that can be excluded. Contact this office for details and to see if your corporation qualifies.
   
   
5. New Deduction for Tips: Tips received in occupations that customarily receive tips are eligible for a deduction, capped annually at $25,000. For individuals with an adjusted gross income (AGI) exceeding $150,000 or $300,000 for joint filers—the deduction is incrementally reduced by $100 for every $1,000 over the AGI threshold. In addition, this deduction is not available to individuals working in specified service trades or businesses, such as health, law, accounting, actuarial science, performing arts, consulting, athletics, financial services, brokerage services, etc. The IRS will be publishing a list of qualifying occupations by October 2, 2025. This deduction is only available through 2028. A valid Social Security number is required on the return and married taxpayers must file jointly.  Employees eligible for this deduction may want to revise their federal income tax withholding, while qualifying self-employed individuals may be able to adjust their estimated tax payments, to take this deduction into account.
   
   
6. Overtime Deduction: This above-the-line deduction allows individuals to exclude the portion of their overtime compensation that exceeds their regular pay rate from their taxable income. Like the tip deduction, the deduction amount is reduced by $100 for each $1,000 that the taxpayer's modified adjusted gross income exceeds $150,000 ($300,000 for joint returns). This deduction is only available through 2028. Employers will be required to specify the eligible overtime income on Form W-2 or other statement as will be required by the IRS. As with the tip deduction, married taxpayers can claim the overtime deduction only if they file a joint return. All individuals must include a valid Social Security number on the return.
   
   
7. Deduction for Car Loan Interest: The deduction for car loan interest allows taxpayers a deduction of up to $10,000 in interest for loans secured by a first lien used to purchase vehicles that are assembled in the United States. Available from 2025 through 2028. Like the tip and overtime deductions this deduction is also phased out for higher income taxpayers. The deduction begins to phase out for single taxpayers with modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) above $100,000 and for married couples filing jointly with above $200,000. The phaseout is $200 for each $1,000 (or portion thereof) the MAGI exceeds the threshold. The deduction is available for both itemizers and non-itemizers. Lenders or other recipients of qualified interest must file information returns with the IRS and furnish statements to taxpayers showing the total amount of interest received during the taxable year. Taxpayers will need to include the vehicle’s VIN (vehicle identification number) on their return when claiming the deduction. 
   
   
8. Adoption Credit: Which has most recently been a non-refundable credit, meaning it only reduces a taxpayer’s tax liability, will become partially refundable up to $5,000 for 2025 through 2028.
   
   
9. 529 Savings Plan Enhancements: Tax-exempt distributions from 529 plans can be used for additional educational expenses, including elementary, secondary, or home school expenses up to $20,000 (up from the previous limit of $10,000) for distributions after July 4, 2025 (date of legislation’s enactment). Additionally, eligible expenses now include qualified postsecondary credentialing expenses in connection with recognized postsecondary credential programs and recognized postsecondary credentials.
   
   
10. Bonus Depreciation: The 100% bonus depreciation deduction rate for qualified business property acquired after January 19, 2025, has been restored and made permanent.
    
    
11. Qualified Production Property Special Depreciation Allowance: Taxpayers can immediately deduct 100% of the cost of certain new factories, certain improvements to existing factories, and certain other structures that would generally be 39-year property. Specifically, this provision allows taxpayers to deduct 100% of the adjusted basis of qualified production property in the year such property is placed in service. Construction of the property must begin after January 19, 2025, and before January 1, 2029, and the property must be placed in service before January 1, 2031.
    
    
12. Third-Party Network Transaction Reporting (1099-Ks): For transactions facilitated through third-party networks, such as payment processors or platforms, reporting on Form 1099-K is required only if the gross amount of the transactions exceeds $20,000 coupled with more than 200 transactions within a calendar year. This returns the threshold to what it was before being phased down to $600.
    
    
13. Termination of Previously Owned Clean Vehicle Credit: The up to $4,000 credit for purchase of previously owned clean vehicles is accelerated to expire by September 30, 2025, instead of the initial 2032 sunset date.
    
    
14. Termination of Clean Vehicle Credit: The Clean Vehicle Credit will be disallowed for vehicles purchased after September 30, 2025. Previously, taxpayers could claim a credit up to $7,500 for new clean vehicles.
    
    
15. Termination of Commercial Clean Vehicle Credit: The commercial clean vehicle credit allowed a business tax credit from $7,500 to $40,000 for the purchase of commercial vehicles. That credit now terminates September 30,2025.
    
    
16. Termination of Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit: This credit for installation of refueling stations, will terminate after September 30, 2025, instead of its original date ofDecember 31, 2032.
    
    
17. Termination of Energy Efficient Home Improvement Credit: Allowed taxpayers a credit up to $1,200for household energy effient improvements through 2032. This credit will no longer apply toimprovements placed in service after December 31, 2025.
    
    
18. Termination of Solar Energy Credit: A lot of homeowners have benefited from the 30% tax credit for installing solar electric panels on their residences. But that credit comes to an end on December 31, 2025.  
    
    
19. Domestic Research Expenditures: Business taxpayers can immediately deduct domestic research expenditures for taxable years starting after December 31, 2024.
    
    
20. SALT Deduction Changes: The cap on the itemized deduction for state and local tax (SALT), which has recently been limited to $10,000, has been increased to $40,000 for 2025, then increases ever so slightly each year until 2029 when it drops back down to $10,000. That is the good news! The bad news, if a taxpayer’s MAGI goes over $500,000 the deduction begins to reduce and returns to $10,000 for those with a MAGI of $600,000 or more

These updates to the tax law provide significant information for planning your tax strategies. If you have any questions or need detailed analysis on how these changes may affect your personal or business finances, please feel free to call or schedule an appointment with our office.

• The pre-OBBBA Era
• The Impact of OBBBA
• Limitations for High-Income Taxpayers
• Examples Illustrating the Limitations
• Passthrough Entity Workarounds
• Conclusion

The State and Local Tax (SALT) deduction allows taxpayers to deduct either their state and local income taxes or their state and local sales taxes, in addition to property taxes, on their federal income tax returns when they itemize deductions. This deduction has long been a staple in the tax code, designed primarily to mitigate double taxation on the same income.

The Pre-OBBBA Era

Prior to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) in 2017, there was no cap on the SALT deduction. Taxpayers could deduct all state and local taxes paid on their federal returns when itemizing. This deduction was especially beneficial for taxpayers in high-tax states such as New York, California, and Illinois.

However, with the implementation of the TCJA, significant changes were made. The SALT deduction was capped at $10,000 for both single filers and married couples filing jointly and $5,000 for married individuals filing separately. This cap substantially affected taxpayers in high-tax states, where state and local taxes often exceed the federal cap.

The Impact of OBBBA

Recently, with the enactment of the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" (OBBBA), the cap on the SALT deduction has been amended with a more generous limit. Beginning in 2025, the SALT deduction cap increases to $40,000, with an annual 1% increase until it peaks in 2029. After 2029, however, without further Congressional action, the cap is set to return to $10,000.

½ those amounts for married couples filing separate

This legislative change was made in response to complaints from the high-tax states’ Congresspeople. By enabling a higher cap, more taxpayers from high-tax states can potentially benefit, specifically those who itemize deductions on their federal returns.

Limitations for High-Income Taxpayers

The OBBBA introduces limitations for higher-income taxpayers, who are now subject to a phase-out of the SALT deduction based on their modified adjusted gross income (MAGI). The allowable deduction starts to decrease when MAGI exceeds specified thresholds.

For instance, in 2025, taxpayers with a MAGI exceeding $500,000 will experience a reduction in their deductible amount by 30% of the excess income above the threshold, limiting the full benefit of the enhanced SALT cap. If a taxpayer's MAGI is $600,000 or more, the deduction is limited to $10,000, making the increase irrelevant for them. This approach seeks to offer relief while balancing the tax system's overall fairness for high-income taxpayers. The MAGI thresholds also change for each year as illustrated in the table.

Examples Illustrating the Limitations

To illustrate, consider two example scenarios:

• Example #1 (2027): A taxpayer with a $523,000 MAGI would start with an allowable SALT deduction of $40,804 (from the table shown previously). However, since $523,000 exceeds the $510,050 MAGI threshold, there’s a deduction reduction of $3,885, resulting in a maximum SALT deduction of $36,919.
• Example #2 (Maximum Reduction in 2027): A taxpayer with a MAGI of $615,000 starts with the same allowable deduction of $40,804. But since the taxpayer’s MAGI is over $612,730 the SALT limit is reduced to $10,000 (the minimum).

Passthrough Entity Workarounds

In response to the federal cap on SALT deductions, several states have enacted legislation to create passthrough entity tax (PTET) mechanisms as a workaround. These mechanisms allow businesses structured as S corporations or partnerships to pay state taxes at the entity level rather than pushing these taxes onto individual shareholders or partners. By doing this, the entity takes the deduction for state taxes paid at the federal level, effectively bypassing the individual SALT cap. The individual owners then receive a corresponding state tax credit. This workaround has gained traction as a strategy to mitigate the impact of the SALT cap on high-income taxpayers involved in businesses and facing substantial state tax obligations. These state initiatives maintain compliance with IRS regulations while offering a viable tax planning opportunity to capitalize on entity-level deductions, a critical consideration in high-tax jurisdictions for taxpayers looking to maximize their tax efficiency amidst federal limitations.

Conclusion

The landscape of SALT deductions has evolved significantly, influenced by legislative changes and taxpayer strategies. The OBBBA has sought to provide some relief from the TCJA's stringent $10,000 cap, albeit temporarily and with limitations for higher-income taxpayers. However, the introduction and adoption of passthrough entity tax (PTET) workarounds illustrate a proactive response from states to help taxpayers mitigate federal constraints. These workarounds offer a strategic avenue for businesses to optimize their tax liabilities through entity-level deductions, highlighting a dynamic intersection of state ingenuity and taxpayer adaptability. While these measures provide temporary relief and opportunities, taxpayers must remain vigilant and proactive in managing their tax strategies, considering both current provisions and potential future changes to maintain tax efficiency.

Please contact this office if your SALT deduction is being reduced because of your MAGI to see if your state has a PTET workaround that will benefit you.

Dead inventory is a silent profit killer.

You don't always see it. You don't always feel it. But if you're not paying attention, it quietly piles up in the back room... or the warehouse... or the "we'll move that eventually" shelf.

And by the time you realize how much money is tied up in unsold stock?

You've already lost the chance to course-correct.

That's why mid-year is your moment. The perfect time to take a hard look at your inventory, clean house, and build a smarter sales strategy—before holiday chaos or another round of supply chain unpredictability rolls in.

Let's be honest: 2025 hasn't exactly been inventory-friendly.

With rising holding costs, tariff uncertainty, port delays, shifting consumer demand, and the "just in case" stockpiling left over from last year, most businesses are sitting on more inventory than they planned—and less liquidity than they need.

But here's the good news:
Slow-moving stock doesn't have to become dead inventory.
Not if you catch it early and act.

Mid-Year Inventory Assessment Checklist 

Yes. Physically.

Not what's "supposed to be there" in the system. What's actually on shelves.

Why it matters: If your records say you have 25 units but you actually have 2, your purchasing decisions are already off. It's the fastest way to get a reality check—and stop planning based on fiction.

Which items are flying off the shelves? Which ones haven't moved in weeks (or months)?

A simple sales velocity report helps you measure what's slow-moving—typically, anything that hasn't sold in 90 to 180 days. That's your baseline.

Translation: If you haven't sold it in three to six months, it's not "inventory"—it's overhead.

Slow-moving inventory doesn't just tie up your cash flow. It also:

• Eats up warehouse space
• Increases insurance and storage costs
• Raises the risk of theft, damage, or obsolescence
• Slows down your ability to stock and sell higher-margin items 

The longer you hold on to something that isn't selling, the more it costs you—even if it's "paid for."

Time to be honest. What's expired, outdated, out-of-season, or just never resonated with customers?

If it's been through multiple sales cycles and still hasn't moved, it's time to cut your losses.

Rule of thumb: Inventory that hasn't sold in 6+ months and isn't seasonal should be flagged. Even if you "love it," your customer clearly doesn't.

You don't need to fire-sale everything. But now's the time to:

• Bundle slow movers with popular SKUs
• Run a limited flash sale
• Offer VIP-only promos or loyalty perks
• Repackage or reposition stagnant items

And if it still doesn't move?

Consider donating (hello, possible tax deduction), liquidating, or repurposing inventory before it collects more dust—and eats more margin.

Every item that isn't moving has a story to tell. Was it a trend that passed? Did demand change? Did your supplier push a product you didn't really need?

Use this insight to improve your buying decisions and forecasting for Q3 and Q4:

• Order closer to demand
• Reduce overstock risk
• Improve cash flow
• Prioritize what sells now, not what "might" sell someday

If you're a data person (or want to become one), start tracking how often inventory is sold and replaced during the year.

Low turnover = cash stuck in products.
High turnover = better cash flow, better margins, and less waste.

Even a basic view of what moves fastest can help you prioritize smarter reordering and promotion cycles.

You should control your inventory.
It should not control you.

Whether you're running a store, shipping out of a garage, or juggling multiple warehouses, this is your chance to get clear on what's working—and what's dragging you down.

Because by the time December hits, it's too late to fix a slow-moving problem that started in July.

Need a second set of eyes on your inventory strategy?

We help business owners like you review inventory performance, spot financial opportunities, and build proactive plans that protect profits year-round.

Let's assess, adjust, and make your inventory work harder.

Contact our office today.

• Individual Tax Rates
• Standard Deductions
• Senior Tax Deduction
• Child Tax Credit
• Qualified Business Income (QBI) Deduction
• Minimum QBI Deduction
• Estate and Gift Tax Exemption
• Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT)
• Gambling Losses
• Mortgage Interest
• No Tax on Tips
• No Tax on Overtime
• Car Loan Interest
• Trump Accounts
• State and Local Tax (SALT) Deduction
• Casualty Loss Deduction
• Pease Limitation
• Adoption Credit
• Dependent Care Assistance
• Bonus Depreciation
• Energy Credit Terminations
• Contributions ToScholarship Granting Organizations
• Charitable Contribution Non-itemizers

As we approach the closing chapters of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), implemented during President Trump's first term, taxpayers find themselves at a crossroads. With many of the TCJA's provisions set to expire after 2025, the introduction of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) offers timely extensions and nuanced modifications to these sunsetting policies. Acting as both a continuation and a re-envisioning of prior legislation, the OBBBA not only extends key tenets of the TCJA—such as individual tax rates and business deductions—but also introduces innovative changes that reflect the evolving economic landscape. By addressing emerging challenges while capitalizing on the TCJA's foundational successes, the OBBBA aims to solidify a path toward a more sustainable and inclusive fiscal future, ensuring relief and opportunity across all levels of the American taxpayer spectrum.

On July 4th, President Trump signed OBBBA into law, introducing myriad changes to the tax landscape. Some of the changes will impact the current year, 2025, and other subsequent years.

This article focuses specifically on the provisions of the OBBBA that directly impact individual taxpayers, small businesses, and family-oriented tax benefits, deliberately omitting the changes and extensions that pertain solely to large corporations and big business. This approach ensures that the content remains highly relevant and applicable to the everyday decisions of individual taxpayers and small business owners, who often navigate their financial responsibilities without the same resources that large corporations possess.

By concentrating on these facets, the blog provides a tailored snapshot of the OBBBA's impact, ensuring that readers are equipped with information that is not only pertinent but also actionable within their tax planning and financial management strategies. This focus allows individual taxpayers to comprehend and leverage the changes that matter most to them, without being overwhelmed by the complexities inherent to provisions designed for big business.

These reforms are aimed at offering widespread relief and financial improvements to millions of taxpayers. Below, we provide an in-depth look at the various key elements of the Act, essential for understanding its impact and implications.

Individual Tax Rates: OBBBA prolongs and enhances reduced individual tax rates, which are now extended beyond January 1, 2026. The Act aims to continue the legacy of lower rates initially brought in with past resolutions, thereby mitigating tax burdens for middle-income families. Tax bracket adjustments linked to inflation will apply from taxable years after December 31, 2025. The extensions of the TCJA rates favors the wealthy by continuing the elimination of the 39.6% tax bracket.

Standard Deductions: OBBBA extends, increases and makes permanent the higher TCJA standard deductions. The 2025 standard deductions, the last year under TCJA, were originally scheduled to be $15,000 for single and married filing separate taxpayer, $22,500 for heads of household, and $30,000 for married taxpayers filing jointly. However, OBBBA also makes an inflation adjustment to the 2025 rate using a different prior-year base that will significantly increase in the standard deductions for 2025. We will have to wait for the IRS to make that calculation and release the updated amounts for 2025.

Senior Tax Deduction - A temporary additional deduction for seniors aged 65 and older has been introduced, allowing a $6,000 deduction per qualified individual. This is phased out with higher income levels, beginning for taxable years before January 1, 2029. However, it only applies to taxpayers with a MAGI less than $75,000 ($150,000 for married couples filing jointly) which limits applicability. This deduction is in place of Trump’s campaign promise to eliminate the tax on Social Security. This provision becomes effective in 2025.

Child Tax Credit – OBBBA enhances support for families by increasing Child Tax Credit from $2,000 to $2,200 per qualifying child, beginning in 2025 and inflation adjusting the credit in subsequent years. The modifications also include some strict Social Security number requirements for children and parents. The credit phases out for higher income taxpayers beginning at a MAGI of $400,000 married taxpayers jointly and surviving spouse and $200,000 for others.

Qualified Business Income (QBI) Deduction - The QBI deduction receives a boost, with increased phase-in amounts from $50,000 to $75,000 for individuals and $100,000 to $150,000 for joint filings ensuing after December 31, 2025.

Minimum QBI Deduction – OBBBA creates a new, inflation-adjusted, minimum deduction of $400 for taxpayers who have at least $1,000 of QBI from one or more active trades or businesses in which the taxpayer materially participates. This ensures small business owners with a certain QBI level are entitled to an enhanced baseline deduction. Both the $400 and $1,000 are inflation adjusted to the nearest $5.

Estate and Gift Tax Exemption – OBBBA permanently extends the estate and lifetime gift tax exemption, increases the exemption amount to $15 million for single filers ($30 million for married fiing jointly) effective in 2026, and indexes the exemption amount for inflation going forward. That is up from $13.99 million in 2025.This change serves to preserve more wealth within families.

Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) - Enhancements in AMT exemptions and phaseout thresholds continue, preventing middle-income taxpayers from undue burdens under the AMT system starting January 1, 2026.

Gambling Losses – The new law permanently continues the current provision that limits gambling loss to gambling income. In addition, beginning in 2026, the deduction for gambling losses is limited to 90% of the actual losses.

Mortgage Interest – OBBBA makes permanent the $750,000 ($375,000 in for married taxpayers filing separate). However, OBBBA also restores the deduction for certain mortgage insurance premiums that sunset back in 2021 on home acquisition indebtedness and treats the premiums as qualified residence interest but also included as part of the $750,000/$375,000 limits.

No Tax on Tips - OBBBA permits a deduction up $25,000 for tips received by an individual in an occupation, other than a “specified trade or business”, which customarily and regularly receives tips including tip sharing. The tips must be voluntary, not subject to any consequence for non-payment, not negotiable, and the amount determined by the payer.

No Tax on Overtime – There also is a new deduction for overtime. However, for this provision overtime pay is the difference between the workers regular pay rate and the overtime pay rate not the entire amount for working overtime. The maximum amount that can be deducted is $12,500 ($25,000 for a married couple).

Car Loan Interest – The new tax bill includes a temporary interest deduction, 2025 through 2028, for qualified passenger vehicles including cars, minivans, vans, SUV, pickup trucks, or motorcycles. Does not include campers or recreational vehicles. The $10,000 maximum deduction begins to phase out for when the taxpayer’s MAGI exceed $100,000 ($200,000 for married couples filing jointly) and is fully phased out at $150,000 ($250,000 for married couples filing jointly. The loan cannot be with a related party; the vehicle must be assembled in the U.S. and must weigh 14,000 pounds or less.  

Trump Accounts - The legislation introduces "Trump accounts," tax-advantaged savings accounts for children born between 2025 and 2028, with a $1,000 initial federal deposit. U.S. citizen children can receive up to $5,000 annually from parents and $2,500 from employers, invested in a diversified U.S. stock index fund. Earnings grow tax-deferred, with qualified withdrawals taxed as long-term capital gains. Some experts prefer 529 college plans due to their higher contribution limits and tax benefits. The individual must not have reached the age of 18 by the end of the calendar to establish a Trump account.

State and Local Tax (SALT) Deduction - OBBBA imposes new limits on the SALT deduction, initially capping it at $40,000 starting in 2025. The cap is increased a small amount for each subsequent year until it reaches $41,624 in 2029. Then in 2030 reverts to the $10,000. One-half of those amounts for married taxpayers filing separate. The deduction is also subject to a MAGI inflation adjusted phaseout threshold of $500,000 for 2025, at which point the annual SALT limit is reduced by 30% of the difference between the threshold and the actual AGI but not less than $10,000.

Casualty Loss Deduction – Under TCJA casualty loss deductions were suspended except for those encountered in federally declared disaster area. OBBBA continues and makes permanent that limitation with one exception. The scope of the casualty loss deduction is expanded to include both state-declared and federally declared disasters.

Pease Limitation – Prior to 2018 there was limitation on itemized deductions that impacted higher income taxpayers. TCJA suspended that limitation through 2025. Effective for tax years after 2025, OBBBA permanently repeals the Pease limitation and replaces it with a new overall limitation on itemized deductions that impacts taxpayers in the 37% (the highest) tax bracket.  

Adoption Credit – OBBBA makes $5,000 of the adoption credit refundable effective for taxable years after 2025.

Dependent Care Assistance – OBBBA amends the existing limit for dependent care assistance, increasing it from $5,000 to $7,500. For taxpayers filing separately, it increases from $2,500 to $3,750

Bonus Depreciation – Primarily applies to tangible property with a recovery period of 20 years or less. OBBBA restores 100% bonus depreciation after January 19, 2025.

Energy Credit Terminations – Under prior law, clean vehicle and associated tax credits didn’t sunset (terminate) until after 2032. OBBBA accelerates the sunsets.

• Previously Owned Clean Vehicle Credit: September 30, 2025
  
  
• Clean Vehicle Credit: September 30, 2025
  
  
• Qualified Commercial Clean Vehicle Credit: September 30, 2025
  
  
• Alternative Fuel Vehicle Refueling Property Credit: June 30, 2026
  
  
• Energy Efficient Home Improvement Credit: After December 31, 2025
  
  
• Residential Clean Energy (includes solar): After December 31, 2025

Contributions To Scholarship Granting Organizations – OBBBA creates a tax credit (dollar for dollar) up to a maximum $1,700 for contributions to qualified organizations granting scholarships to eligible students. Unused credit can be carried forward 5 years. Includes qualifications for scholarship recipients and organizations granting scholarships. Effective for tax years beginning after 2025.

Charitable Contribution Non-itemizers - The new law allows non-itemizers to claim cash contributions to qualifying charities of up to $1,000 ($2,000 for joint filers). Effective tax years beginning after 2025.

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act introduces a range of important provisions that can significantly impact individuals and small businesses. Understanding these changes is crucial to optimizing your tax strategy and ensuring compliance. As these provisions unfold, it’s important to stay informed about how they may specifically affect your financial situation. We encourage you to contact our office should you have any questions or wish to schedule a planning appointment. Our team is here to guide you through this evolving landscape, helping you navigate the complexities of tax regulations with confidence and clarity.

• Taxable Severance Pay and Unemployment Compensation
• Accumulated Leave Pay: Tax Considerations
• Form W-2 Retrieval from a Bankrupt Employer
• Gifts from Family or Friends
• Retirement Plan Withdrawals and Early Distribution Penalties
• Public Assistance and Food Stamps
• Health Insurance and Marketplace Coverage
• Managing Taxable Assets and Payment Plans
• Options if You Owe Taxes and Cannot Pay
• Deductions and Credits for Continuing Education
• Exploring Entrepreneurship
• Conclusion

Losing a job is a challenging event that can have significant financial and tax implications. As individuals navigate the transition, understanding these implications and the resources available can mitigate some of the stress that accompanies such situations. This article discusses the taxability of various forms of compensation and assets, strategies for managing tax liabilities, and how assistance is available for those facing financial hardship during unemployment.

Taxable Severance Pay and Unemployment Compensation

One immediate repercussion of a job loss involves severance pay and unemployment benefits. It's important to note that severance pay is taxable in the year received, and it will be included on your Form W-2 issued by your former employer. Similarly, unemployment compensation is also taxable, and you may opt to have 10% of your unemployment benefits withheld for federal taxes by completing Form W-4V. Some states tax unemployment income and others do not.

Accumulated Leave Pay: Tax Considerations

When you lose your job, payments for accumulated leave such as vacation or sick pay are treated as wages. These payments are taxable and reported on your Form W-2. Therefore, it’s crucial to ensure that the appropriate taxes are withheld to avoid any unexpected liabilities at tax time.

Form W-2 Retrieval from a Bankrupt Employer

If your employer goes bankrupt or out of business, they are still responsible for providing you with a Form W-2. Should you not receive it by the end of January following the tax year in which you were employed, the IRS can assist you in obtaining a substitute Form W-2. Until you receive it, keeping accurate records of your earnings, such as pay stubs, is crucial.

Gifts from Family or Friends

During times of financial difficulty, individuals may receive gifts in the form of cash or property from family or friends. Typically, the recipient of the gift does not owe taxes on it. However, if the gift generates income (such as interest or dividends), the recipient is responsible for the tax on that income. Notably, gifts that exceed the annual exclusion limit may subject the giver to gift taxes, but not the recipient.

Retirement Plan Withdrawals and Early Distribution Penalties

Although it can jeopardize a future retirement, for many, a job loss may necessitate accessing retirement funds. Generally, withdrawing from a qualified retirement plan (such as a 401(k) plan) or a traditional IRA is a taxable event, and if done before reaching age 59½ results in an additional 10% early distribution penalty tax. However, there are several penalty exceptions and some or all can shield withdrawals from penalties, including the following:

• Unreimbursed Medical Expenses Exception - Amounts withdrawn to pay unreimbursed medical expenses that would be deductible on Schedule A during the year and that exceed 7.5% of the taxpayer's AGI are exempt from penalty. This is true even if the taxpayer does not itemize.
  
  
• Separation from Service - Distributions from a qualified retirement plan after separation from service in or after the year the taxpayer reached age 55. However, a Tax Court ruled the exception did not apply in the case of a taxpayer who retired from his job when he was age 53 but who waited until after he turned 55 to make a withdrawal from his qualified retirement plan. A taxpayer must be age 55 or older, and then separate from employment, for an early distribution to be excepted from the 10% penalty.
  
  
• Medical Insurance Exception - This exception allows taxpayers that qualify to make penalty-free withdrawals to pay for medical insurance. The amount that is exempt from penalty cannot be more than the amount the taxpayer paid during the year for medical insurance for the taxpayer, spouse, and dependents. To qualify for this exception, the taxpayer:
  
  1.   Must have lost his/her job,
  
  2.   Received unemployment compensation for 12 consecutive weeks,
  
  3.   Made IRA withdrawals during the year he/she received unemployment or in the following year, and
  
  4.   Made the withdrawals no later than 60 days after being reemployed.
  
  
• Higher Education Expense Exception – If a member of the family is attending college, withdrawals made during the year for qualified higher education expenses for the taxpayer, spouse or children or grandchildren of the taxpayer or spouse are exempt from the early withdrawal penalty. The part not subject to the tax is generally the amount that is not more than the qualified higher education expenses for the year at an eligible educational institution.
  
  
• Hardship Distribution – Although not required, an employer’s retirement plan may allow participants to receive hardship distributions. However, a distribution from a participant’s elective deferral account can only be made if the distribution is both:
  
  o    Due to an immediate and heavy financial need.
  
  o   Limited to the amount necessary to satisfy that financial need.
  
  If you have a retirement plan with your employer, check to see if it allows a hardship distribution which is not subject to the 10% penalty.
  
  
• 60-day Rollover – Taking a withdrawal and then rolling over these funds into another qualified retirement plan or IRA within 60 days helps avoids taxation and penalties. But if the rollover is not completed within the 60-day window the distribution becomes fully taxable and subject to the 10% penalty unless an exception applies. Think of it as a 60-day loan. But, beware, only one rollover is allowed in a 12-month period.

Public Assistance and Food Stamps

If you qualify for public assistance or food stamps following a job loss, it’s important to know that these benefits are not taxable. They serve as essential support to help individuals meet basic needs without the additional strain of tax implications.

Health Insurance and Marketplace Coverage

Losing a job often means losing employer-provided health insurance. If you're enrolled in a health insurance plan through the Health Insurance Marketplace, it's crucial to report your job loss as it may allow for a special enrollment period. This lets you make necessary adjustments to your healthcare plan outside the regular open enrollment period and helps you align the financial assistance you receive with your changed income.

Managing Taxable Assets and Payment Plans

Selling assets such as stocks, bonds, or investment property, while unemployed, requires careful consideration as any profits (capital gains) are taxable. Carefully consider which stocks to sell taking into consideration which can be sold with the least profit, and which have the most chance for further gain. Reviewing your overall tax position is critical to avoid penalties for underpaid estimated taxes.

Options If You Owe Taxes and Cannot Pay

In the event that you owe taxes and cannot pay them, promptly contacting the IRS to explore payment plans is advisable. Options include short-term payment plans (up to 120 days) and long-term installment agreements (more than 120 days). This proactive approach can prevent additional penalties and interest.

Deductions and Credits for Continuing Education

Job loss can spur the pursuit of further education to improve employment prospects. Various tax benefits support education-related expenses, such as deductions and credits for tuition. Exploring these options can help reduce the financial burden of going back to school. However, costs of education undertaken to enable an individual to start working in a new field are not deductible.

Exploring Entrepreneurship

Job loss can also be seen as an opportunity to venture into self-employment. Starting a business involves understanding different organizational structures like sole proprietorships, partnerships, or corporations—each comes with distinct tax implications and considerations. Sole proprietors need to file a Form 1040 with a Schedule C to report business income and expenses and a Schedule SE for self-employment taxes. Note: Self-Employment Tax is the replacement for payroll FICA. Except, since a self-employed individual is both the employer and employee, they are required to pay both halves.

Conclusion

Job loss creates multifaceted financial challenges, primarily attributed to tax implications and the need to reassess one's financial strategies. Understanding the taxation of severance, unemployment benefits, and retirement fund distributions is critical. Moreover, exploring entrepreneurial avenues and seeking available tax relief options can provide paths to financial stabilization. Staying informed about potential tax deductions and credits can mitigate the financial impact, allowing individuals to focus on paving a new career path.

Being proactive is key to navigating this challenging period. Don't hesitate to contact this office for tailored advice for your specific circumstances.

• One Big Beautiful Bill Act
• New Deduction for Seniors
• New Gambling Loss Limit
• Increased Standard Deductions
• Tax Rates
• Car Loan Interest
• Charitable Deductions
• Environmental Credits
• Other, Not New, Prominent Tax Issues for Seniors
• Qualified Charitable Distributions
• Home Medical Modifications
• Home Care
• One Last Thing

In recent legislative developments, the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Bill for 2025 and Beyond (also known as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, or OBBBA) has introduced significant tax provisions, some tailored to benefit seniors, ensuring they receive enhanced support in managing their financial and tax responsibilities. Key among these changes is a new deduction available to individuals aged 65 or older, offering a $6,000 deduction per eligible filer, with specific income limitation thresholds and joint filing requirements. As seniors navigate these updated opportunities, understanding the broader tax landscape, including the implications of the adjustments to standard deductions, charitable deductions, vehicle interest deductions and others becomes crucial. This article delves into the provisions relevant for seniors, offering insights into optimizing their tax strategies and ensuring compliance while maximizing potential benefits.

New Deduction for Seniors: The OBBBA introduces a new senior deduction aimed at providing tax relief for older taxpayers. This deduction replaces the proposed exemption of Social Security income from taxation, which could not be implemented due to constraints within the Congressional Budget Reconciliation Process.

The new senior deduction is available to individuals aged 65 or older. For married couples where both spouses meet the age requirement, the deduction amounts to $12,000 when they file jointly. For single filers, the deduction is $6,000. However, this benefit begins to phase out for those with a Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI) exceeding $75,000, or $150,000 for those filing jointly. Under the phaseout calculation, the deduction is reduced by 6% of the MAGI exceeding the threshold. For example, the $6,000 deduction of a 65-year-old single taxpayer with a MAGI of $80,000 would be reduced to $5,700.The deduction phases out entirely for single taxpayers with income above $175,000 and married taxpayers with income above $250,000.

As an above-the-line deduction, it can be claimed regardless of whether the taxpayer itemizes deductions or uses the standard deduction. This provision is applicable for taxable years from 2025 through 2028. Overall, the deduction is designed to alleviate the financial burden for seniors who continue to face taxable Social Security benefits, representing a legislative compromise to maintain fiscal balance.

New Gambling Loss Limit: The new tax law modifies the limitation on wagering losses to allow taxpayers to only deduct up to 90% of their gambling losses incurred during the taxable year. This deduction is still limited to the amount of gains from such wagering transactions for that year. The amendment specifies that losses from wagering transactions also include any deductions otherwise allowable under this chapter that are incurred in carrying on any wagering transaction. These changes apply beginning in 2026.

This has a notable impact on senior recreational gamblers due to how gambling income influences overall taxation. Importantly, while gambling losses can curb reported income, they do not offset gambling income when calculating taxable Social Security benefits and Medicare Part B premiums. This means that the full amount of gambling winnings is included in AGI, leading to potentially higher AGI levels, which can cause more of a senior’s Social Security benefits to become taxable and result in increased Medicare Part B premiums.

This setup essentially acts as a hidden penalty for senior recreational gamblers, as the mechanics of these rules ensure that even when there is a net loss from gambling activities, the increased AGI can hike taxes and Medicare costs, undercutting the financial relief typically associated with deducting losses.

Increased Standard Deductions: The OBBBA introduces, and makes permanent, enhanced standard deductions for seniors and other taxpayers. Under the new law, the standard deduction is increased by $750 for single filers, $1,125 for those filing as head of household, and $1,500 for married joint filers. Thus, for 2025, the standard deductions are set at $31,500 for married couples filing jointly, $23,625 for heads of household, and $15,750 for singles and married individuals filing separately. For taxpayers age 65 and older, these amounts are increased by $2,000 for single and head of household filers and $1,600 per eligible spouse for those who are married. The extra standard deduction amount for seniors is in addition to the new senior deduction described earlier.

These deductions are further adjusted for inflation, ensuring that seniors and other taxpayers continue to benefit from these enhancements in subsequent tax years. By increasing the standard deduction, the OBBBA seeks to alleviate taxpayers’ financial strain, allowing them to retain more of their income, which is particularly beneficial for seniors on fixed incomes.

Tax Rates -The new law retains and adjusts the tax rates, which will benefit seniors primarily through periodic inflation adjustments. This approach ensures that seniors, particularly those on fixed incomes, are safeguarded from bracket creep due to inflation. By retaining the existing tax rates and indexing them to inflation, the OBBBA provides adjustments that help prevent seniors from facing increased tax burdens as inflation rises, thus offering continued financial relief and supporting their economic stability in retirement.

Car Loan Interest - Seniors can benefit from the new deduction for interest on car loans as part of the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" for the years 2025 to 2028. This provision allows a deduction of the interest paid on vehicle-secured loans used to purchase qualified vehicles for personal use, with a maximum annual deduction limit of $10,000. To be eligible, the vehicle must be purchased with loans originated after December 31, 2024. Eligible vehicles include cars, minivans, SUVs, and motorcycles, each having a gross vehicle weight rating of less than 14,000 pounds and being assembled in the United States. Recreational vehicles and campers are not qualified vehicles. Notably, this deduction can be claimed whether or not a taxpayer itemizes their deductions.

Charitable Deductions - The OBBBA introduces a new charitable deduction that may be especially beneficial for seniors, who often don’t itemize their deductions. Under this provision, individuals who are unable to itemize their deductions can still benefit from charitable giving. Individuals can deduct up to $1,000 in charitable contributions, while married couples can deduct up to $2,000. This above-the-line deduction is designed to encourage charitable donations, offering taxpayers a way to reduce their taxable income and support charitable causes even if they do not meet the threshold for itemizing deductions. The deduction is only available for contributions made by cash, checks or credit cards. The same documentation rules apply for this deduction as they would if itemizing deductions. These changes apply beginning in 2026.

Environmental Credits - A special alert to those who are considering investments in renewable energy home improvements and electric vehicles: Among the tax changes in the OBBBA are provisions that could impact your financial planning. Notably, this bill accelerates the phase-out of environment-related tax credits. The tax credit for electric vehicles will be terminated for purchases made after September 30, 2025, while credits for the costs of home solar electric systems and energy-efficient home improvements will cease for property placed in service after December 31, 2025. It's crucial to be aware of these new sunset dates to avoid unexpected surprises in your tax planning and to ensure that any purchases align with the latest legislative timelines.

OTHER, NOT NEW, PROMINENT TAX ISSUES FOR SENIORS

Qualified Charitable Distributions (QCDs): If a taxpayer is the charitable type there is a tax-advantageous way for individuals who are 70½ years old or older to make charitable donations directly from their traditional IRA (and SEP or SIMPLE IRAs if not actively contributing to these). The distribution must be made directly by the IRA trustee to an eligible charity.

QCDs also count towards the required minimum distribution (RMD) for individuals aged 73 or older, yet are not included in the donor’s taxable income, thus potentially reducing overall income which in turn may reduce the amount of taxable Social Security income. Plus, QCDs allow individuals to enjoy tax benefits without needing to itemize deductions, providing a tax-efficient way to support charities. There are annual limits for QCD contributions but generally high enough to meet most taxpayer’s needs– $108,000 for 2025.

Home Medical Modifications - Seniors who need to modify their homes to accommodate disabilities and ailments may benefit from tax deductions available through medical expense deductions when itemizing. These deductions can reduce taxable income by allowing seniors to write off qualified medical expenses associated with home modifications. Typically, these modifications must be medically necessary and exceed a certain threshold of adjusted gross income, which is 7.5% of AGI. Eligible modifications include installing ramps, grab bars, or making structural changes like widening doorways or lowering cabinets. These modifications must be prescribed or recommended by a doctor or healthcare professional to qualify as medical expenses, directly addressing the individual's medical condition and daily living requirements. If a modification increases the home's value, only the portion exceeding the increase in value can be deductible, whereas modifications not affecting the home's value might be fully deductible. Proper documentation, such as healthcare provider recommendations and receipts, is essential to claim these deductions, offering financial relief by reducing tax obligations for seniors needing such modifications.

Home Care - The medical deduction for home care allows taxpayers to deduct expenses related to the medical care of an individual at home, which includes services provided by nurses and other caregivers. To qualify for this deduction, the primary purpose of the care must be to alleviate or prevent a medical condition. This means wages paid to nurses or other providers for administering medication, meeting the care needs of individuals, or performing medical services can be included as deductible expenses. While the services need not be performed by a licensed nurse, they must typically involve tasks that require a level of skill wherein the presence of a healthcare professional is necessary.

When employing individuals for home care, taxpayers may have reporting obligations as household employers. This involves withholding and paying employment taxes, and potentially filing Schedule H with their tax return, depending on the amount paid to the caregiver. They must adhere to federal and potentially state requirements regarding taxes and labor regulations. To manage this effectively, it is often advisable to use a payroll service. A payroll service can ensure compliance with necessary tax withholdings, filings, and employment laws, minimizing the risk of errors and legal issues. They can also handle the administrative tasks associated with managing payroll, such as calculating and distributing wages, which can be especially beneficial for those unfamiliar with these requirements, providing peace of mind and allowing individuals to focus more on the care of their loved ones.

One Last Thing - As you navigate the intricacies of adjusting to new tax laws and making informed financial decisions, it's equally important to remain vigilant against the growing threat of scams targeting seniors. Remember, if an offer appears too good to be true, it likely isn't. Be cautious of unsolicited emails, especially those that contain links from unknown senders, and avoid clicking on them. Similarly, be prepared to hang up on threatening phone calls or those demanding immediate payment or personal information. Always prioritize your safety by consulting with a trusted relative or reaching out to this office if you have even the slightest doubt. Taking these precautionary steps ensures that your finances remain secure and protected from those looking to exploit innocent individuals.

If you have questions related to any of these tax issues or would like an appointment to see how you might take advantage of them, please contact this office.

• Prior Law on Tip Reporting and Employer Requirements
• Introduction of the Above-the-Line Deduction for Qualified Tips
• Above-the-Line Deductions
• Qualified Tips Definition
• Tips in Business Operations
• When the Deduction is Unavailable
  o   Specified Service Trades or Businesses
  o   Income Based Reduction
  o   Lacking Employment-Eligible Social Security Number
• Expanded FICA Tip Tax Credit for Employers

The U.S. tax landscape continues to evolve with legislative updates, and one such recent change introduced in the "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" focuses on a new above-the-line tax deduction for qualified tips. This article delves into the historical and current aspects of tip taxation, highlighting the implications of this new deduction for workers in tipping-based occupations.

Prior Law on Tip Reporting and Employer Requirements - Historically, under U.S. tax law, employees receiving tips were required to report to their employer any tips amounting to $20 or more monthly from that employer. This reporting is done in writing to the employer by the 10th day of the subsequent month. Employers, in turn, are responsible for withholding both FICA (Social Security and Medicare) and income taxes on these reported tips. These amounts were then included on the employee's Form W-2 to be included as income on the employee's income tax return. Failure to report tips could result in the IRS imposing a penalty on the employee, typically 50% of the employee's share of FICA taxes on the unreported tips.

Additionally, for larger food and beverage establishments—specifically those with customary tipping and ten or more employees—employers, for more than 40 years, have been required to allocate tips among employees. The allocation ensured that total reported tips by employees equaled at least 8% of the establishment's gross sales. If reported tips fell short of this threshold, the employer was obligated to make allocations to cover the difference.

An interesting element of the prior law was the Employer Social Security Credit, an elective mechanism where food and beverage establishments could claim a credit for Social Security taxes paid on employee tips. Calculated using IRS Form 8846, the credit applied to the ‘excess' employer social security tax, which was paid on the reported tips above certain minimum wage thresholds.

Introduction of the Above-the-Line Deduction for Qualified Tips - With the passage of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, workers in specified tip-based professions gain a significant new tax benefit: an above-the-line deduction of up to $25,000 for qualified tips. However, the provision is temporary and is only available for 2025 through 2028. The $25,000 cap is on a per tax return basis, regardless of the filing status, not an individual basis. This means that no matter the filing status, the annual deduction limit remains at $25,000 for the tax return. 

Above-the-Line Deductions - These deductions are subtracted from gross income to determine adjusted gross income (AGI). Thus, they can be advantageous as they reduce taxable income regardless of whether a taxpayer opts for the standard deduction or itemizes deductions. Such deductions can also influence the eligibility for other tax benefits which have AGI limitations. Note that while qualified tips up to the limit are now income tax free, employees' tips are still subject to FICA withholding and self-employed recipients of tips may still need to pay self-employment tax on them.

• Qualified Tips Definition - For tips to qualify for this deduction, they must be:
  
  o   Given voluntarily,
  
  o   Not subject to any consequence for non-payment,
  
  o   Are not negotiable, and the amount is determined by the payer.
  
  o   The trade or business receiving the tip is not a specified trade or business under Sec 199A(d)(2) and,
  
  o   Such other requirements established by future regulations.
  
  This provision applies to both W-2 employees and independent contractors who might receive tips via various forms like 1099-K or 1099-NEC, provided the occupation is recognized as eligible by the Treasury Department. A list of qualifying professions is supposed to be published by the government by early October, 2025.
  
  
• Tips in Business Operations (Self-Employment):
  
  o    Inclusion in Business Income: Tips earned in the course of an individual's self-employed business activities must be included as part of the business's gross income.
  
  o    Deductive Eligibility: The self-employed individual's tips are also eligible for a tip deduction under the established limits ($25,000 maximum per year) and provided the business in which the tips are received qualifies (see next). However, if the taxpayer's business deductions exceed the business' gross income, including the tips, the tip deduction will be limited.  
  
  
• When the Deduction is Unavailable - There are several restrictions on when this deduction can be taken:
  
  1.    Specified Service Trades or Businesses: The tax code differentiates between general business trades and specified service trades or businesses as defined under Section 199A(d)(2). Workers in specified service industries, such as health care, law, accounting, and consulting, among others, are ineligible for this deduction. These trades often rely heavily on the reputation or skill of their employees, which can include many professions beyond food and beverage.
  
  2.    Income Based Reduction - Further complicating the computation of this new deduction is the income-based reduction rule. For individuals with an adjusted gross income (AGI) exceeding $150,000 or $300,000 for joint filers, the deduction is incrementally reduced by $100 for every $1,000 over the AGI threshold.
  
  3.    Filing Status — Taxpayers who are married must file a joint return to claim this deduction.
  
  4.    Social Security Number (SSN) Requirement: A valid, work-eligible SSN is mandatory for anyone claiming the deduction, ensuring compliance and enabling validation of income against IRS records.
  
  
• Expanded FICA Tip Tax Credit - Another noteworthy amendment in the One Big Beautiful Bill Act is the expansion of the FICA tip tax credit. Traditionally limited to food and beverage establishments, it now covers beauty services. This broadening allows hair care, nail services, esthetics, and spa treatment businesses to claim a credit for a part of the Social Security taxes paid on employee tips. This expansion acknowledges the prevalence of tipping in these additional service industries, addressing an oversight in the prior law.

The advent of the above-the-line deduction for qualified tips in the new legislation is a landmark shift, recognizing the unique nature of tip income in today's economy. By reducing taxable income directly from AGI, it affords significant tax relief to eligible workers. However, nuances around eligible professions and the exclusion of high earners complicate the landscape, emphasizing the need for individuals in these professions to consult with tax professionals to maximize their benefits under this new rule. Moreover, the broadened FICA tip credit further supports employers in sectors historically overlooked, marking a progressive step in tax policy adaptation to modern occupational realities.

If you are a tipped employee or self-employed individual or an employer wanting to know how the recent tax law changes will affect your circumstances, please contact this office.

A business. A legacy. A family-run thing that’s weathered recessions, pandemics, and probably more sleepless nights than you care to count.

Maybe it’s a restaurant. A dental practice. A small farm.
Maybe it’s a consulting firm that started at your kitchen table with a laptop and a dream.

And now?
You’re wondering how to pass it on—to your daughter, your nephew, your niece who just got her MBA.

But here’s the thing nobody tells you:

Running a family business is hard.
Transferring one? Even harder—if you don’t plan for the tax traps.

This isn’t about legal paperwork or "naming a successor."
It’s about making sure the business you built doesn’t collapse under the weight of poor planning, IRS penalties, or family conflict you could’ve avoided.

Let’s talk strategy—plain-English style.

You can’t just hand over the business and call it a day.

If you “gift” the business, the recipients get stuck with your basis and ultimately the gain.  If you sell it you pay the taxes and proceeds end up in your estate. If you die and the business passes via inheritance? Although your beneficiaries will get a “step-up in basis”, there could be estate taxes, valuation issues, and disputes over what’s “fair.”

No one wants to run payroll from probate court.

So let’s walk through what to do—and the traps to avoid along the way.

1. Capital Gains Shock

Let’s say you started your business 20 years ago with $20,000. It’s now worth $2 million.
Nice.

If you sell it to your kids for what it’s worth—or even gift it—your original basis goes with it. That means if they ever sell it, they pay capital gains taxes on the entire difference.

Trap: Gifting now might save estate tax later... but cost way more in capital gains.
Better solution: Inheritances come with a step-up in basis, resetting the value to the date-of-death amount. Depending on your estate size and timeline, waiting might be smarter.

S-corporations are picky.
They have rules on who can own shares—no corporations or partnerships allowed, and only certain types of trusts qualify.

Trap: Transferring S-corp shares the wrong way can blow your S-corp status—and trigger serious tax consequences.
Better solution: Use grantor trusts or direct gifts, and work with a tax advisor who knows the S-corp rules inside and out.

In 2025, the lifetime gift and estate tax exemption is $13.99M. In 2026, under OBBBA, it jumps to $15M ($30M married). Sounds like breathing room, right?

Yes—but only if you plan ahead.

Trap: Go over the annual gifting limit without paperwork, and you’ll eat into your lifetime exemption—possibly without knowing it.
Better solution: Use annual exclusion gifts to gradually transfer ownership tax-free, while tracking them with a pro’s help.

Ever watch siblings argue over what a business is “worth”?
It’s not fun. Especially when the IRS gets involved.

Trap: If you gift or sell business shares without a qualified valuation, you risk under- or over-valuing the transfer—and triggering penalties.
Better solution: Get a professional valuation. It’s not cheap, but it’s cheaper than fighting the IRS.

This one’s personal for a lot of families.

Farms are often land-rich, cash-poor. And when a parent dies without a plan, heirs are forced to sell the land just to pay the estate tax.

Trap: Inheritance taxes can hit hard when there’s no liquidity—especially in farming families.
Better solution: Tools like Section 2032A (special-use valuation) or conservation easements can lower estate taxes. Life insurance can provide liquidity. But you must plan in advance.

What happens if one of your children wants to leave the business? Or sells their shares to a non-family member?

Trap: No buy-sell agreement means anyone can become an owner—or worse, the business dissolves.
Better solution: Draft a buy-sell agreement that spells out who can buy, how valuation works, and what happens if an owner dies or wants out. 

The biggest mistake?
Thinking you’ll “deal with it later.”

Trap: You wait too long, and something unexpected happens. Now your family’s grieving and trying to navigate tax court.
Better solution: Start the process now—even if you don’t transfer anything yet. Clarity prevents conflict. 

• Get a current valuation
• Review your business structure (LLC, S-corp, etc.)
• Document annual gifts + track lifetime exemption
• Build a succession plan—who gets what, and when
• Set up a buy-sell agreement
• Evaluate capital gains and gifting timelines
• Coordinate with your CPA + estate attorney
• Educate the next generation: taxes, roles, leadership

 Real Talk: It’s Not Just a Business—It’s Your Legacy

You didn’t build this just to have it fall apart in probate.

Whether you’re two years from retirement or two decades away, succession planning isn’t something you “someday” into. It’s something you protect.

Your family deserves that.
Your employees deserve that.
You deserve that.

Ready to Talk Strategy?

We help family-run businesses protect what they’ve built—and make smart tax moves along the way.

Before you transfer a single share, let’s run the numbers, review the options, and create a plan that actually works.

Contact our office today for a confidential family business strategy session.

Scammers are not slowing down.

They’re getting slicker, faster, and disturbingly good at sounding like someone you trust—especially now that AI can mimic voices, emails, and even your tax pro’s writing style.

The IRS sees it too. That’s why, every year, they publish a list of the biggest, most dangerous scams targeting everyday taxpayers.

They call it the Dirty Dozen.
We call it your yearly heads-up.

Here’s what to watch for in 2025—and how to make sure you and the people you care about don’t fall for it.

You might think, This could never happen to me.

But the data says otherwise.

Scams are evolving fast. And many are now designed to bypass your instincts.
They don’t just trick you—they play you. AI makes the lie more convincing. Tech makes it harder to trace. And the IRS will not call, email, or text you first.

So yes—this article is for you.
And your parents. And your kids. And that friend who still uses “123456” as their password.

This year’s scariest trend?

Scammers are using AI to generate ultra-realistic emails and texts that look exactly like the IRS, your tax software, or even your accountant.

They include official-looking logos. Personal details. Clickable “portals.”
And just enough urgency to get you to act without thinking.

What to do:
Never click links in unsolicited IRS messages. The IRS does not initiate contact by email or text. Always go directly to IRS.gov or contact your tax pro.

You’re scrolling Instagram. You see a sponsored ad that says:

“We can get you a $10K refund—even if you don’t file taxes!”

Too good to be true? Yep.
These pop-up “services” file fake returns using your info. You might even get money—but later, the IRS claws it back (plus penalties).

What to do:
Only work with licensed, verified tax professionals. And if your refund sounds suspiciously huge, ask questions.

An Offer in Compromise is a legitimate IRS program that helps taxpayers who owe significant amounts but can’t pay in full settle their debt for less.

But shady companies are exploiting it—promising guaranteed forgiveness, charging upfront fees, and then ghosting you.

What to do:
If you owe the IRS, talk to a tax pro who understands your full picture—not a call center that bought your info off a debt list.

Disaster strikes. The headlines hit. Then come the “charities” asking for donations via email, text, or even GoFundMe.

Some are real. Some are expertly faked.

What to do:
Before giving, check the charity’s status using the IRS Tax-Exempt Org Search. Legit charities won’t demand gift cards or crypto donations.

Still going strong in 2025. Scammers are still pushing fake ERC claims—and some business owners are getting burned.

These third-party “ERC mills” file false claims on your behalf. You get money... then the IRS asks for it back plus interest.

What to do:
If someone guarantees you qualify without even reviewing your records, that’s your cue to walk away.

This one targets professionals.
Hackers use fake IRS emails to gain access to a tax pro’s entire client file.

One click = all your info exposed.

What to do:
Ask your tax preparer what security protocols they follow. You deserve to know how your info is protected.

“Don’t pay taxes—just start an LLC and write off everything.”

That’s not advice. That’s bait.

And it’s leading a lot of younger taxpayers straight into audits and penalties.

What to do:
Vet your sources. Just because someone has a mic and a green screen doesn’t mean they understand the tax code.

These are “pros” who’ll prepare your return... but refuse to sign it.

Why? Because what they’re doing is illegal. They fudge numbers, inflate credits, and vanish when the IRS comes knocking.

What to do:
Make sure your preparer signs the return and includes their PTIN (Preparer Tax Identification Number). If they don’t, walk away.

Yes, this one’s still around. But it’s now automated—and meaner than ever.

Scammers threaten jail time, asset seizure, or “immediate legal action” unless you pay… in gift cards. (That alone should be the red flag.)

What to do:
Hang up. Report the call to TIGTA. And remember: the IRS does not call out of the blue or demand payment this way.

Scammers are pushing fake deductions, credits, and loopholes to boost refunds—especially around energy credits and education expenses.

If it sounds made-up, it probably is.

What to do:
Only claim what you can document. If your tax pro is “creative” in ways you don’t understand, ask why.

Hackers use stolen or guessed SSNs to file fraudulent returns before the real taxpayer does.

Victims usually find out when the IRS rejects their real return as “duplicate.”

What to do:
File early. Consider requesting an Identity Protection PIN (IP PIN) from the IRS. And use multi-factor authentication on your tax software.

This credit is only for off-highway business use (think farmers, not commuters). But scammers are still pushing it as a “hidden refund.”

What to do:

If someone says, “The IRS owes you gas money,” it’s a scam. Don’t sign anything you don’t understand.

You don’t have to live in fear. But you do need to stay informed.

Here’s the good news: scammers rely on secrecy.
The more people you share this with, the harder it is for the bad guys to win.

Protect Yourself + Your Family:

• Share this article with someone who might be vulnerable (hello, aging parents).
• Set up multi-factor authentication on all financial logins.
• Ask your tax pro how they verify ID and protect your data.
• Report suspicious activity to the IRS andFTC.gov.
• And when in doubt, always pause and verify before clicking, paying, or giving out info.

Need a Second Set of Eyes on Your Return or Setup?

We review, file, and help protect against scams—because this stuff is our job, not yours.
Let’s talk strategy before the next phishing email hits.

Contact our office to schedule a strategy session.

But what happens when life throws a curveball at you?

What if you get sick?
What if a parent needs sudden care?
What if your kid has a health emergency, or burnout hits hard, or the unexpected just… shows up?

Here’s the truth no one tells small business owners:
You are the business, until you’re not.
And if there’s no plan for that?
Cash flow stops. Projects stall. Clients walk.
All while your inbox keeps piling up like nothing happened.

Over the last year, we’ve worked with clients who:

• Spent weeks in the hospital with zero financial backup plan
  
  
• Had no one else who knew how to access vendor accounts or send invoices
  
  
• Faced sudden health diagnoses and scrambled to “teach” someone how to run payroll
  
  
• Lost months of revenue—not because the work wasn’t there, but because they weren’t

• Who knows how to pay your vendors?
  
  
• Can someone else send an invoice if needed?
  
  
• Do you have a written SOP (standard operating procedure) for the basics?

Even a shared Google Doc or password manager could buy you time and prevent panic.

Emergency funds aren’t just for personal finances.
3–6 months of basic business expenses—payroll, rent, software, etc.—can be a lifesaver when you hit pause.
Even if it’s not “extra” money, spreading out recurring payments or trimming non-essentials can start building this buffer quietly.

Pro tip: Reassess your retained earnings and owner draws with your accountant now, while things are stable.

At a minimum, document:

• Key client contacts + project statuses
  
  
• How to access financial accounts
  
  
• Where to find insurance, payroll, and vendor contracts
  
  
• Who to call in your absence

Doesn’t have to be formal—just findable.

You don’t need a full-blown succession plan yet.
But you do need someone who can step in short-term: a spouse, a trusted team member, a business partner, or even a fractional operations person.

It’s not about giving up control. It’s about giving your business a chance to breathe without you.

We know—this isn’t the fun stuff.
It’s not growth. It’s not launch-day energy.
But it’s real. And for most small business owners, it’s overdue.

When you plan for the “what if,” you free yourself up to focus on the “what’s next.”

If this stirred something in you, and you're realizing your business couldn’t function without you, it might be time for a cash flow review and light continuity plan.

We can help you:

• Map your current financial dependencies
  
  
• Optimize your operating cash flow
  
  
• Build a sustainable, documented backup plan
  
  
• And turn “what if” into “we’ve got this”

Contact our office to talk about continuity, cash flow, or just building a business that doesn’t fall apart if you need a moment to step back.

Because you're not just the business owner. You're a human.
And humans need room to be human sometimes.

• Add contractors via W‑9 email invite
  At the touch of a button under Expenses → Contractors, you can “Add a contractor” and invite them by email to fill out their W‑9 directly in QuickBooks®. Their legal name, address, and TIN then automatically populate your vendor profile.
  
  
• Track thresholds automatically 
  QBO flags contractors as “1099‑eligible” and tracks all payments made. No need to remember the $600 threshold. It all happens behind the scenes.

• Prepare and e‑file Forms 1099‑NEC/MISC
  In Payroll → Contractors → Prepare 1099s, choose either “Let QuickBooks® prep for you” or generate them yourself. QBO compiles forms based on tracked payments, excluding non-reportable types like credit-card and PayPal transactions.
  
  
• E‑file federal and state 1099s
  With a few clicks, QuickBooks® e‑files unlimited 1099s, sends copies to both the IRS and contractors, and provides filing confirmations, all without leaving the platform.

• Contractor Payments add-on
  With QuickBooks® Contractor Payments ($15/month for up to 20 contractors), you can enable next-day ACH direct deposit, pay by check, or enter payments manually—all recorded for tax reporting.
  
  
• Self-setup for contractors
  Contractors can create free QuickBooks® accounts to enter their own banking or tax info, reducing back-and-forth with your team.

• 1099 readiness by design
  QBO enforces best practices: it excludes card-based payments (1099-K), caps under the reporting threshold, and excludes corporate entities—all to limit IRS errors.
  
  
• Secure, centralized records
  Everything from W‑9s to e‑file confirmations is stored within QBO, making audits and tax filing a breeze.

• Intuitive AI assistants
  The new July 2025 release adds AI agents—like the “Accounting Agent” and “Finance Agent”—that help flag issues such as contractor classification errors or missing W‑9s.
  
  
• Integrated cost tracking
  New tools like an employee cost-rate calculator (for Plus/Advanced users) enhance profit tracking on contractor work, seamlessly leveraging payments and payroll data.

• An HVAC startup saved hours by inviting technicians to enter their own info, eliminating manual data entry.
  
  
• A boutique marketing agency reduced W‑9 collection time by 70% by sending email invites directly from QBO.
  
  
• A freelance graphic design business reported zero penalties this year thanks to accurate and timely e‑filing.

QuickBooks® Online now offers a full-cycle solution for contractors—from onboarding and payments to 1099 compliance—built for the demands of 2025. Its modern tools prevent classification mistakes, improve cash flow, maintain audit trails, and eliminate guesswork during tax season.

If you rely on contractors, QBO is critical for growth and compliance.

If a due date falls on a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday, the due date is automatically extended until the next business day that is not itself a legal holiday. 

Disaster Area Extensions:

Please note that when a geographical area is designated as a disaster area, due dates will be extended. For more information whether an area has been designated a disaster area and the filing extension dates visit the following websites:

FEMA: https://www.fema.gov/disaster/declarations
IRS: https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/tax-relief-in-disaster-situations

If a due date falls on a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday, the due date is automatically extended until the next business day that is not itself a legal holiday. 

Disaster Area Extensions:

Please note that when a geographical area is designated as a disaster area, due dates will be extended. For more information whether an area has been designated a disaster area and the filing extension dates visit the following websites:

FEMA: https://www.fema.gov/disaster/declarations
IRS: https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/tax-relief-in-disaster-situations